Hydraulic jack



(No Model.)

' F. I. JOYCE.

HYDRAULIC JACK.

Patented Peb.26, 1889.

I iran Sterns 'PATENT OFFICE.

FRANK I. JOYCE, OF DAYTON, OIIIO.

HYDRAULIC JACK.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 398,784, dated February 26, 1889.

' Application filed April 12, 1888. Serial No. 270,469. (No model.)

T all whom it may concern..-

Be it known that I, FRANK I'. Joven, of Dayton, in the county of Montgomery and State of Ohio, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Hydraulic Jacks, of which the following is a speciiieation.

One object of my invention is to provide a jack so constructed that the valves and working parts can be easily reached and adjusted. Another obj eet of my invention is to provide a hydraulic jack which can be operated in a horizontal, vertical, erin an inclined position, as desired, all of which will be set forth in the description of the accompanying drawings, making a part of this specification, of whichw Figure 1 is a central vertical section. Fig. 2 a horizontal section on line a Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a similar section to Fig. 1, and showing the plunger in elevation and at rest in its upward limit of movement.

A represents the frame of the jack.

B represents the base of the frame.

C represents a hollow cylinder, which is secured to the frame A by the nut D.

E represents a packing inserted between the end of the cylinder C and the base B for securing a tight joint.

H represents a tube tting within the cylinder C. This tube H is secured to the head 11 by the nut R and with it forms the ram of the jack. At the other end of this ram, and secured to it by the nut S, is the head J, on top of which, at- T, rests the load to be lifted.

1 represents the plunger-rod, provided at its lower end with the packing 2 and 2', secured by the nut 3 and forming the plunger, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2. The plunger-rod 1 is provided at its other end with a crankpin, 8, which is securely attached thereto.

4 represents a many-sided rockshaft provided with journals 5, which work in bearings in the head J.

6 represents a crank-arm securely attached at one end to the many-sided rock-shaft 4, and at its other end provided with forks 7, in which journals the erankpin 8, which, as before said, is securely attached to the plunger-rod 1.

9 represents a crank-head securely attached to the rock-shal'tl, and provided with an open ing into which a lever may be inserted to operate the plunger-rod l.

Itis desired in hydraulic jacks to have them work horizontally as well as vertically. To accomplish this, I have arranged the parts in the manner shown in Figs. 1 and 2.

10 represents a cylindrical nut tapping into the head of the ram 1l. It is hollowed out so as to form a receptacle for the spiral spring 2, and is pierced with the orifices 27 and the guide-bearing 33.

14 represents a valve which seats against the top of the valve-chamber 15.

13 represents the stem of valve 11. It proj eets downward into the guide-bearings 33 and upward through the guide-bearing 34 into the plunger-chamber 1T.

16 represents ports or passages leading from the valve-chamber up into the plungerchamber 17 and so placed that when the valve 14 is against its sea-t it closes the ports 1G between the two chambers 15 and 17.

18 represents a passage leading from the plunger-chamber 17 to the second valve-chainber, 19. This valve-chamber also is secured in the head of the rain by means of a cylindrical nut, 20, which is closed at the bottoni and hollowed out to form a receptacle for the spiral spring 21.

22 represents a valve which seats against the top of the valvechaniber 19. It is normally held closed by the spring Q1.

23 represents the stem of valve It passes up through a guide-bearingin the head of the ram into the reservoir 25, so that the valve may be forced from its seat, as will be explained hereinafter.

2i represents a passage leading vfrom the valve-chamber 19 to the fluid-reservoir 25 inside the ram H, and so placed that when the valve 22 is seated it closes the passage 2i between the valve-chamber 19 and the liuidreservoir 25.

26 represen ts a fluidchamber below the ram and within the cylinder C, into which the iiuid is pumped from the chamber to lift the ram.

It will be observed that the valves may be readily reached for adjustment by removing the ram from its cylinder and unscrewing the nuts 10 and 20, when the valves can be taken out and examined and replaced. This I believe to be a great advantage over other constructions ot' hydraulic jacks hitherto einployed;

In order to prevent leakage of the fluid, I have provided the following devices for packing the journals of rock-shaft 4t, and they are constructed so as to Vallow the rock-shaft to be easily taken out or put in. The frame of the head .I is provided with the two bosses K and L. Boss K is recessed, so as to form a seat for the packing-ring M, against which the shoulder O of the rock-shaft bears. The opposite boss, L, is provided with a similar recess and a packing-ring, N,

P Q represent cylindrical jam-nuts, their outer periphery forming the journal of the rock-shaft, their inner periphery being provided 'ith threads which engage with threads on roc -shaft 4, thus drawing the shoulder O and the nut Q iirmly against the packing M N to form a liquid-tight joint. As the cylinder of the rock-shaft journaling in boss K is of the same or larger diameter than the diagonal diameter of the many-sided rock-shaft,y it can be readily removed from or inserted into the opening in crank-arm 6.

The operation of this jack is as follows:-

y The iiuid to be employed for raising` the ram is Yin chamber 25. The plunger 1 is operated by oscillating shaft 1L. Then plunger 1 is lifted, it tends to cause a vacuum in the plunger-chamber 17 which communicates with the passage 1S to the valve-chamber 19.. This causes the valve 22 to recede from its seat and the fluid flows from chamber 25 through passage 2i, valve-chamber 19, and passage 18 into plunger-chamber 17, filling the space under the plunger. Then t-he plunger arrives at this upward point of its stroke, it is in position shown in Fig. 3, and both valves will be normally closed by the springs 12 and 21. As soon as the plunger descends the pressure is increased in the plunger-chamber 17 and adjoining passages and causes the valve 22 to press more firmly on its seat, preventing the escape of the :liuid back into chamber 25. At

the same time it causes the valve 1i to recede from its seat, and the iuid is forced from the plunger-chamber 17 through the orilices 16 into the valv'echambcr 1 5, thence through the orifices 27 into the chamber 2o, raising the ram.

The plunger-rod 1 is provided with a lug, 28,

which is rigidly attached thereto in such a position that when the plunger presses down onto the valve-stein 13 of the valve 14 the lug 23 will press on the stem 23 of valve 22. Vith this in mind, the operation of lowering the load will be readily understood. The plunger is lowered so that it presses on valve-stem 13 and causes the valve 1i to be removed from its seat. At the same instant the lug 28 presses down on valve-stem 23 and causes the valve 2-2 to be removed from its seat also. The passages between chambers 26 and 25 are now all connected, and the iiuid iiows from chamber 26, under pressure of the load or weight of the ram, through orifices 27, into valve-chamber 15, thence through orifices 16 into plungerchamber 17, thence through passage 1S, valvechamber 19, and side passage, 24, into chamber or reservoir 25, and as the iiuid flows out of chamber 26 the ram will descend.

The plunger-rod 1 is made smaller than the pl'unger, so that it may rock a sufficient amount to accommodate itself to the oscillation of the crank-arm 6 in its operation.

The ram-head 11 is provided with a packing, 30, at the bottom, which is held in position by the nut 31 engaging with threads on the head 11.

The passage 24 opens into the reservoir 25 at its extreme side, so that when the jack is placed in a horizontal position, with this passage down, its opening will be submerged until nearly all the fluid in the chamber 25 has been pumped out; and in order that the iiuid may be compelled to flow through the passage 24, even after the surface of the iluid has sunk below the central horizontal line of the plunger-chamber, I have provided an inverted packing, 2', on the plunger, so that when the plunger 1 is raised to iill the chamber 17 this inverted packing 2 will spread and cause a perfect vacuum in the chamber 17.

Having described my invention, what I claim is- 1. In a hydraulic jack, the ram-head 11, having both inlet-valve 22 and outlet-valve 14 placed therein, as and for the purposes specified.

In a hydraulic jack, the combination, with the chambers 25 and 26, of the rain-head 11, having an inlet-valve chamber, 19, and a passage, 24, leading from the extreme side of the chamber 25 to the inlet-valve chamber 19, to permit the working of the jack in a horizontal or inclined as well as in a perpendicular position, substantially as described.

3. In the pump of a hydraulic jack, the combination, with the ram-head 11, having inlet and outlet valves located therein, and a side passage, 2i, provided with valve 22, of a plunger, 1, having the inverted cup-packing 2 for the purpose of securing a perfect vacuum in the plunger-cllamber, substantially as described.

et. In a hydraulic jack, the combination, with the chambers 25 and 26, of the ram-head 11vl having valve-chambers 15 and 19, plungerchamber 17, and passages 2&1, and 13, leading.

IOO

IIO

G. In ar hydraulic jack, the combination, with the head J and plunger 1, of the bosses K L, the rock-shaft l, having journals 5, sup- I 5 ported in said bosses and provided with cranks G and 9, the packing-rings M N, and the jamnuts P Q, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand.

FRANK I. JOYCE. Vitnesses:

JOHN L. H. FRANK, WM. H. HOWARD. 

